Seasonal changes of liver glycogen content and condition factor of wild Atlantic salmon parr in a sub-arctic river

Abstract –  Mean liver glycogen content of 1–4-year-old Atlantic salmon parr varied from 0.5 to 9.5% (of fresh liver mass) and condition factor (CF) from 0.66 to 0.85 in the sub-arctic River Teno system in northern Finland during 2 years of study. There were no significant differences in liver glycogen contents of different age groups as there were in CF. However, there were seasonal differences in liver glycogen content and CF of the wild parr. The lowest liver glycogen contents were observed in July and the highest in September and December whereas the lowest CFs were observed in May and the highest in July.     

Alteration of serum free fatty acids during the carbon tetrachloride-induced fatty liver in rats

AIM: To investigate the alteration of serum free fatty acids in the carbon tetrachloride-induced fatty liver. METHODS: Drug-induced fatty liver rat models were built by injection 40% CCl₄. Serum free fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. RESULTS: In the composition of serun free fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids[oleic acid C18:1,(28.672±7.332/mg·L^-1 vs 41.373±2.180/mg·L^-1),linoleic acid C18:2(16.739±0.871/mg·L^-1 vs 24.959±5.325/mg·L^-1),arachidonic acid C20:4(6.105±2.656/mg·L^-1 vs 9.802±0.779/mg·L^-1),P<0 05], were decreased significantly, but saturated fatty acids [lauric acid C12：0(3.368±0.330/mg·L^-1 vs 2.742 0.351/mg·L^-1),myrist ic acid C14:0(27.136 3.158/mg·L^-1 vs 16.152±0.638/mg·L^-1),palmitic acid C16:0(51.731±9.561/mg·L^-1 vs 34.522±1.401/mg·L^-1),P<0 05] increased. CONCLUSION: Serum polyunsaturated fatty acids were decreased and saturated fatty acids increased in the drug-induced fatty liver.     

硒对镉所致鸡肝脏损害的保护效应

健康成年288商品(?)蛋鸡100只,随机分成5组,每组20只,各组基础日粮相同。Ⅰ组为对照组,其余各组在基础日粮中添加45ppm镉,其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组再分别添加5ppm、10ppm、15ppm硒作为保护组,Ⅴ组为镉中毒组。结果表明,镉中毒组鸡肝细胞肿大,呈明显脂肪变性伴发坏死,全血及肝脏GSH-Px和血清ChE活性显著降低(P<0.01),LDH总活性升高,LDH5>LDH4,肝脏镉含量与ChE呈负相关(r=-0.561 0,P<0.05),与(?)-GTP呈正相关(r=0.563 1,P<0.05)。保护组鸡的肝脏酶活性和病理形态学变化均较镉中毒组轻,10ppm硒能很好地保护45ppm镉对鸡肝脏的损害,其最适硒、镉摩尔浓度之比为1:3。     

应用GC-MS测定动物组织及尿中克仑特罗残留

对酶联免疫法筛选检出的阳性猪肝和猪尿样品应用GC-MS法进行了确证试验,分析了操作中衍生化、质谱参数的设定、溶剂的干扰、进样及谱库的检索等因素对测定结果的影响,说明了应注意的问题并提出了解决问题的方法,可供残留分析工作者参考.     

鸡肝组织中拉沙洛西钠残留的高效液相色谱检测方法

建立了鸡肝组织中拉沙洛西钠残留的高效液相色谱检测方法.甲醇提取鸡肝组织样品中残留的拉沙洛西钠,硅胶柱净化,以磷酸盐缓冲液-乙腈-甲醇作为流动相,反相高效液相色谱-荧光检测法检测.方法平均回收率为82.1%,平均变异系数为7.75%,方法的检测限为0.02 mg/kg.     

酶联免疫法测定鸡肝中氯霉素残留

运用酶联免疫检测试剂盒测定鸡肝中氯霉素的残留量.氯霉素标准液浓度在 0.025～2 μg/mL范围内线性良好,r=0.995 1,鸡肝中最低检测限为0.10 μg/kg.空白添加阳性样品浓度为0.1、0.5和1.0 μg/kg时,回收率分别为86.9%、89.1%和80.0%,板内变异系数<14.6%,板间变异系数<12.0%;本方法操作简单快捷、灵敏准确、方便实用,可作为鸡肝中氯霉素残留检测的快速筛选方法.     

Ultrasound-guided liver biopsy in birds

In this study, 30 pigeons (Columba livia forma domestica) and 30 quails (Coturnix coturnix) were used to evaluate the diagnostic practicability and relevance of an ultrasound-conducted liver biopsy. Their body weight ranged between 144 and 603g. Considering anatomical peculiarities, the lateral (pigeons) or ventro-median (quails) access was chosen. In the case of the pigeons, 29 (96.7%) biopsies proved clearly to be liver tissue, while in the case of the smaller quails, 19 (63.3%) samples could be clearly identified as liver tissue. All animals but one quail survived the intervention. The blood chemical parameters varied before and after the biopsy within the physiological range. These results show that ultrasound-guided liver biopsy in avian patients is generally possible and with strict indication and conscientious application can be considered as a relatively risk free and diagnostically sensible addition to liver diagnostic in birds. An aimed collection of focal hepatic alterations is conceivable depending on the size of the patient.     

RADIOGRAPHIC, ULTRASONOGRAPHIC, AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF ALVEOLAR ECHINOCOCCOSIS IN DOGS

Alveolar echinococcosis is a rare metacestodal infection of humans and domestic animals with Echinococcus multilocularis and predominantly affects the liver. In humans, diagnosis is based on serology, ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), techniques that have not yet been validated for the diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in dogs. Therefore, the purpose of this retrospective study was to describe the radiographic, ultrasonographic, and CT appearance of canine alveolar echinococcosis. Eleven dogs with confirmed alveolar echinococcosis (PCR or histology from biopsy material of metacestode tissue) diagnosed between 1995 and 2003 were included in the study. The age of the dogs at initial presentation ranged from 7 months to 10.5 years. Abdominal radiographs were made in nine animals, abdominal ultrasonography was performed in 10 dogs, and two CT studies in one dog, respectively. The history, clinical presentation, and laboratory findings for the 11 dogs were unspecific, the most frequent clinical finding being nonpainful progressive abdominal distention. All radiographed dogs had large liver masses; they contained small mineralizations in five. The most frequent ultrasonographic finding was multiple large cavitary masses with or without wall mineralizations. Seven animals received surgical and subsequent medical therapy with albendazole (10mg/kg) and all went into clinical remission. This study reviewed for the first time imaging findings associated with alveolar echinococcosis. The disease has to be included in the list of differential diagnoses in dogs with large, cavitary liver masses, particularly when mineralization is noted.